Journal on Biomedical Sciences

The Most Common Discomfort |

Mini Review

The present work refers to one of the discomforts that most affect the human organism: stress; it provides a definition of the term, the main hormones that are secreted and their effects, as well as some of the damage that can cause the human body that affect their internal balance and therefore their well-being.

Where does the word stress come from?

The term stress (from the Latin stringere ‘squeeze’) and its derivative in English stress (fatigue of material) arises from the investigations carried out by Hans Selye in the 1930s, who from the studies carried out to different patients determined that regardless of the disease they suffered, their symptoms coincided with fatigue, weight loss, appetite, frequent fatigue, physical and psychic weakness. The word stress comes from physics, science that is in charge of the study of energy, matter, time and space, in this case refers to the pressure exerted by one body on another, and the one that receives the most pressure can shatter. Selye’s studies later led to the conclusion that stress is the nonspecific response to any demand to which the organism is subjected, to which he refers in his research entitled “Stress” published in 1950.

What is stress?

From the search in different bibliographic sources of what stress means we can say that it consists of a response given by the organism, can be positive or negative to a situation caused by factors coming from both the external or internal environment and can affect homeostasis. Positive stress is one that favors the body, that is, it allows solving a certain situation and adapting to the new conditions. Negative stress breaks the internal balance of the body (homeostasis) Causing Anxiety, Fatigue, Anger, Exhaustion and Irritability.

What are the major hormones secreted in the face of stress?

The consequences of stress impact on mood and health. In this situation several hormones are involved but the main ones are: adrenaline and cortisol. The first is responsible for giving us that fast momentum that we need. In a matter of moments, our energy goes up enormously to help us escape the danger, as a result breathing becomes faster and increases the heart rate so that the muscles respond more quickly, prevents blood clots, blood circulates more quickly, experience physical sensations such as tightness in the chest, palpitations, cold sweating, tingling in the stomach.

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